Here we will post short articles on current science in Ayola followed by an English translation, for learners.

29 Aprilon 2009

Tresdimensiona Imagajo jwi Masa Sunay Eruptajoy

Siensistoy nune povats mezrare akurate la bolcenso ce formo ce spidenso je materialo geejekta jdelu Suno jyonu sunay eruptajoy. Tiso geakomplats medu uzare imaguroy je dusa mutce sepra vesmay sudnoy kyo konstitutats la misiono STEREO. Una sudno orbitats Suno enu la teray orbiteyo frentu Tero grayu 80 miliona kilometroy ceyi la otro orbitats simile coe prapu Tero grayu 80 miliona kilometroy.

Lo sunay eruptajo estats bolca eksplodajo jyenu la sunay surfaso gekawza jbyu kolapsa magnetica feldo. Dwaza frekwentenso ce intensenso tendats kovariyare ecu la sunay aktivensay tcikelo jwe 11 anyoy, kyo havits la dernta maksimumo efu 2001 ce nune aprotcantats la neksto efu 2012. La pluste bolca sunay eruptajoy, kyo tcamats byu delkorona zmasway ejektajoy, ejektats kelka miliona twonoy je avtcardja partikuloy alenu vesmo. Efke tisa materialo movats torbayu Tero, dwa povats spustare geomagnetica stormoy kyo disrumpats radiokomunikajo ce despovizats satelitoy ce afektats elektronetwerkoy ce menacats lerte fliga djetoy jyenu mutce norda latitudoy.

Multa prevya observajoy jwi sunay eruptajoy gefarits byu SOHO, kyo estats Observatoryon Cforu Suno Ce Heliosferon. Dwa orbitats Suno ce geretenats enu lino konekta Suno cwe Tero ayu punto dista jwi Tero jgrayu 1.5 miliona kilometroy. Kawske SOHO regardats la sunay eruptajo delu nure una vidajay punto, dwa no povats mezrare la spidenso je la ejekta materialo akurate.

Sinske la dusa vesmay sudnoy je STEREO gelantcits efu 2007, la distenso jyinteru dway krecintats ce nune estats 160 miliona kilometroy. Tisa hoca seprenso providats la STEREOay sistemo veku dispensway perceptajo ce permitats alu dwa vidare la tresdimensiona strukturo je geejekta materialo ce vidare movajo tranversu la vidajay lino ce mezrare la spidenso je la geejekta materialo akurate.

Medu SOHO la feylenso je la gepredica arivajay zamo jyayu Tero je sunay eruptajay materialo estits ± 12 horoy. Medu STEREO tisa feylenso gereduktintats alu ± 2 horoy enu prediktajo antesa jgrayu dusdec-kwara horoy.

April 29, 2009

Three Dimensional Imaging of Massive Solar Flares

Scientists are now able to measure accurately the size, shape and speed of material ejected from the Sun in solar flares. This is accomplished by using images from two widely separated spacecraft which constitute the STEREO mission. One spacecraft orbits the Sun in the Earth’s orbit 80 million kilometers ahead of the Earth, while the other orbits similarly but 80 million kilometers behind the Earth.

Solar flares are large explosions on the solar surface caused by collapsing magnetic fields. Their frequency and intensity tend to follow the solar activity cycle of 11 years, which had its last maximum in 2001 and is now heading toward the next maximum in 2012. The largest solar flares, called coronal mass ejections, eject billions of tons of charged particles into space. When the material moves past the Earth, it can trigger geomagnetic storms which disrupt radio communication, disable satelites, affect power grids, and threaten high-flying jets at far-north latitudes.

Many previous observations of solar flares were made by SOHO, the Solar Heliosheric Observatory. It orbits the Sun and is kept on a line connecting the Sun and the Earth at a point 1.5 million kilometers from Earth. Because SOHO looks at solar flares from only one viewpoint, it cannot measure the speed of the ejected material accurately.

Since their launch in 2007, the distance between the two STEREO spacecraft has increased, and is now 160 million kilometers. The large separation provides the STEREO system with depth perception and permits it to view the three-dimensional structure of the ejected material, to see motion transverse to the line of sight and to measure the speed of the ejected material accurately.

With SOHO, the error in the predicted arrival time at Earth of solar flare material was ± 12 hours. With STEREO, this error has been reduced to ± 2 hours for a prediction 24 hours in advance.